The planning and implementation of the ESPAD 2015 project has been a collaborative effort between the coordination and all the research teams in each participating country. The importance of the ESPAD researchers and their supporting research groups and institutions cannot be overestimated. Since the project cannot provide funding for the data collection in participating countries, it relies on the ability of each principal investigator and ESPAD contact person to raise that money.
Much of the coordination has been supported by the Swedish Ministry of Health and Social Affairs. Its grant has covered costs for holding international meetings, constructing the international 2015 database and producing this report. The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) in Lisbon has co-founded data collection in Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine through the ENP first technical cooperation project (ENPI/2013/325-486), and has covered costs for ESPAD meetings and coordination. Furthermore, the EMCDDA has provided editing, design and production support for this report, the printing and translation of the short version of the report and the updating and hosting of the ESPAD website. Persons at the EMCDDA involved with ESPAD are Paul Griffiths, João Matias, André Noor, Sandrine Sleiman, Rosemary Martin de Sousa and Julian Vicente.
The Pompidou Group at the Council of Europe has supported the project ever since the first project meeting in 1994. In particular, the support of the Pompidou Group has enabled some researchers from eastern and central parts of Europe to participate in meetings. Special thanks are due to Florence Mabileau and Patrick Penninckx at the Pompidou Group for their much-appreciated assistance and support.
A Coordination Committee, consisting of Ludwig Kraus (Germany), Håkan Leifman (Sweden) and Julian Vicente (EMCDDA) coordinated the project in the transition period from 2015 to 2016. A Steering Committee, appointed by the ESPAD researchers at Project Meetings, worked together with the Coordination Committee. All important decisions relating to the planning of ESPAD meetings and the 2015 study have been taken jointly with the Steering Committee. Together with the three members of the Coordination Committee, the Steering Committee consists of Sharon Arpa (Malta), Sabrina Molinaro (Italy), Karin Monshouwer (the Netherlands) and Marcis Trapencieris (Latvia).
The Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN) was responsible for collecting country reports and datasets and for constructing the 2015 international database. CAN also produced result tables and texts for the full online version of the ESPAD report 2015, while Ludwig Kraus, Nicki-Nils Seitz and Daniela Piontek edited the shorter print version of the report. The persons at CAN involved with the construction of the database and the production of the digital report are Anna Englund, Ulf Guttormsson, Håkan Leifman, Jonas Raninen (statistical tests) and Johan Svensson.
In addition to the results of the ESPAD 2015 survey, the report also includes data from the ‘Monitoring the future’ project in the United States and from the Spanish national school survey, kindly provided by Lloyd Johnston (United States) and Begoña Brime Beteta (Spain), respectively. Each country was represented in the project by a principal investigator or an ESPAD contact person, who is a contributing author of this report (see title page). In addition, a number of other persons have carried out important work in the context of the 2015 ESPAD study. The main persons from the national research teams in the 35 countries participating in the 2015 data collection are listed below, followed by a list of important funding agencies and supportive organisations.
Collaborating persons
Below are listed, for each of the 35 countries participating in the 2015 data collection, the most important involved persons, beginning with the principal investigator (PI) or the contact person (CP).
Albania
Ervin Toçi (PI); Arjan Bregu; Genc Burazeri; Enver Roshi; Eduard Kakarriqi; Gentiana Qirjako
Austria
Julian Strizek (PI); Alfred Uhl; Andrea Kadlik
Belgium (Flanders)
Patrick Lambrecht (PI); Caroline Andries; Christiane Janssens; Brigitte Bronselaer; Peter Van Rossem; Martin Verstegen; Katleen De Bont; Lieve Van Gompel; Esra Hortens; Michel Vermeersch; Elisabeth Cuypers; Vicky Reynaerts; Isabelle Rojaz; Roxanne Vega Fernandez; Thais Distelmans; Sarah Leysen
Bulgaria
Anina Chileva (PI); Momtchil Vassilev; Plamen Dimitov; Sophia Kandilarova-Georgieva; Ralitsa Bardarova
Croatia
Iva Pejnović Franelić (PI); Martina Markelić; Ljiljana Muslić; Irena Rojnić Palavra; Sanja Musić Milanović; Ivana Pavić Šimetin; Mario Hemen; Dijana Mayer; Marina Kuzman
Cyprus
Kyriakos Veresies (PI); Andreas Pavlakis; Byron Gaist; D. Mappouras; S. Ioannou; N. Georgiades
Czech Republic
Ladislav Csémy (PI); Pavla Chomynová; Viktor Mravčík; Jiří Nepala
Denmark
Mette Vinther Skriver (PI); Kim Moesgaard Iburg
Estonia
Sigrid Vorobjov (PI)
Faroes
Pál Weihe (PI); Ólavur Jøkladal
Finland
Kirsimarja Raitasalo (PI); Petri Huhtanen
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Silvana Oncheva (PI); Elena Kosevska
France
Stanislas Spilka (PI); Carine Mutatayi; François Beck; Olivier Le- Nézet
Georgia
Lela Sturua (PI); Sophiko Alavidze; Lela Kvachantiradze; Levan Baramidze
Greece
Anna Kokkevi (PI); Anastasios Fotiou; Clive Richardson; Eleftheria Kanavou; Myrto Stavrou
Hungary
Zsuzsanna Elekes (PI); Tamás Domokos; Eszter Szilágyi; Zita Szűcsné Kovács; Tamás Kosztolnyik
Iceland
Ársæll Már Arnarsson (PI); Thoroddur Bjarnason
Ireland
Luke Clancy (PI); Kate Babineau; Sheila Keogan; Hannah Murphy; Mark Morgan; Keishia Taylor; Ellen Whelan
Italy
Sabrina Molinaro (PI); Valeria Siciliano; Loredana Fortunato; Cristina Doveri; Stefanella Pardini; Rita Taccini; Chiara Sbrana; Lucia Fortunato; Silvia Gazzetti; Antonella Pardini; Gabriele Trivellini; Arianna Cutilli; Lorena Mezzasalma; Elisa Benedetti; Francesca Denoth; Rodolfo Cotichini; Marco Scalese; Luca Bastiani
Latvia
Mārcis Trapencieris (PI); Ansis Petersons; Sigita Snikere; Jelena Vrublevska; Ildze Abele; Silga Priekule; Eva Mezaraupe
Liechtenstein
Esther Kocsis (PI); Jennifer Rheinberger
Lithuania
Liudmila Rupšienė (CP); Tadas Tamošiūnas; Irena Šutinienė; Aelita Skarbalienė; Algimantas Šimaitis; Regina Saveljeva
Malta
Sharon Arpa (PI); Sandra Cortis; Stephen Spiteri; Carmen Dimech; Lawrence Bonello; Antoine Saliba; Christiana Bajada; Daniela Bugeja; Isabelle Anastasi; Ruth Stivala
Moldova
Mihai Ciocanu (PI); Igor Condrat; Oleg Barba; Valeriu Plesca
Monaco
Stanislas Spilka (PI); Julie Marty; Olivier Le-Nézet
Montenegro
Tatijana Đurišić (PI); Džona Džeksona bb; Boban Mugosa; Ljiljana Golubovic; Biljana Popovic
Netherlands
Karin Monshouwer (PI); Saskia van Dorsselaer; Marlous Tuithof; Jacqueline Verdurmen
Norway
Elin K Bye (PI); Astrid Skretting
Poland
Janusz Sierosławski (PI); Katarzyna Dąbrowska; Łukasz Wieczorek
Portugal
Fernanda Feijão (PI); Rui Lima; Nuno Rodrigues
Romania
Silvia Florescu (PI); Sorin Oprea; Ruxanda Iliescu; Milica Georgescu; Catalina Chendea; Liliana Preoteasa; Constanta Mihaescu Pintia
Slovakia
Alojz Nociar (PI); Alena Kopányiová; Ján Luha; Jana Hamade; Mária Slovíková
Slovenia
Tanja Urdih Lazar (PI); Eva Stergar; Metoda Dodič Fikfak; Maja Zupe
Sweden
Håkan Leifman (PI); Anna Englund; Isabella Gripe; Ulf Guttormsson; Siri Thor
Ukraine
Olga Balakireva (PI); Tatyana Bondar; Dmitro Dmitruk; Lidia Romanovska; Iuliia Pryimak
Funding agencies and supportive organisations
Below are listed, for each of the 35 countries participating in the 2015 data collection, the most important involved organisations and funding agencies.
Albania
Institute of Public Health; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Education and Sport
Austria
Bundesministerium für Gesundheit (BMG); Bundesministerium für Bildung und Frauen (BMBF)
Belgium (Flanders)
Department of Clinical and Lifespan Psychology (KLEP — VUB); Ministry of Welfare, Public Health and Family of the Government of Flanders; Research Council of the Free University of Brussels
Bulgaria
National Centre for Public Health and Analyses (NCPHA); National Centre for Drug Addictions (NCDA); Ministry of Education and Science (MoES)
Croatia
Croatian Institute of Public Health (CIPH); Ministry of Health; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports
Cyprus
Kenthea; Ministry of Education and Culture; CMCDDA; Cyprus Anti‑drugs Council
Czech Republic
Czech National Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Addiction; National Institute of Mental Health; Office of the Government of the Czech Republic
Denmark
Department of Public Health, Aarhus University; Danish Health Authority
Estonia
National Institute for Health Development
Faroes
Ministry of Education, Research and Culture; Faroese Board of Public Health
Finland
National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
National Institute of Public Health and Centres for Public Health in Skopje; Tetovo; Kumanovo; Stip; Veles; Prilep; Bitola; Ohrid; Strumica and Kocani; Kontakt non-governmental organisation; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Education and Science
France
French Monitoring Centre on Drugs and Drug Addictions (OFDT); Ministry of Education; Ministry of Agriculture; French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm)
Georgia
National Centre for Disease Control and Public Health (NCDC); Ministry of Education and Science; European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), EMCDDA-ENP technical cooperation project (ENPI/2013/325-486) funding
Greece
Greek Organisation Against Drugs (OKANA); OKANA/local authority drug prevention centres; Ministry of Education
Hungary
OTKA K111740 (Hungarian Scientific Research Fund); Emberi Erőforrások Minisztériuma (Ministry of Human Resources); Corvinus University of Budapest, Institute of Sociology and Social Policy; ECHO Survey Sociological Research Institute
Iceland
Icelandic Directorate of Health; University of Akureyri
Ireland
Department of Health; TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland; Focas Research Institute; DIT Dublin; Seefin DM; Kerry
Italy
National Research Council (CNR), Unit of Epidemiology and Health Service Research of the Institute of Clinical Physiology
Latvia
Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
Liechtenstein
School Board
Lithuania
Lithuanian Ministry of Education and Science; Qualifications and Vocational Education and Training Development Centre; Klaipėda University
Malta
Aġenzija Sedqa (National Agency against Drug and Alcohol Abuse and Compulsive Gambling), Foundation for Social Welfare Services; Directorate for Educational Services (DES), Student Services Department, Education Psycho-Social Services; Anti-Substance Abuse Service within the Education Psycho-Social Services; Directorate for Education, Secretariat for Catholic Education, Archdioceses of Malta; ISA-Independent Schools Association and the participating independent schools
Moldova
Ministry of Education of Republic of Moldova; European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), EMCDDA-ENP technical cooperation project (ENPI/2013/325-486) funding
Monaco
French Monitoring Centre on Drugs and Drug Addiction (OFDT); Monaco Statistics (Monegasque Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies — IMSEE); Department of Education, Youth and Sport of Monaco (DENJS)
Montenegro
Institute of Public Health of Montenegro; Ministry of Education of Montenegro; Ministry of Health of Montenegro
Netherlands
Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport; Regional Health Services; Trimbos-instituut
Norway
Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research (SIRUS)
Poland
National Bureau for Drug Prevention (KBPN); State Agency for the Prevention of Alcohol-Related Problems (PARPA); Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology (IPiN)
Portugal
General-Directorate for Intervention on Addictive Behaviours and Dependencies (SICAD), Ministry of Health; Direção-Geral de Estatísticas da Educação e Ciência and Direçao-Geral da Educação, Ministry of Education
Romania
National Anti-drug Agency; Ministry of National Education and Scientific Research; National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development
Slovakia
Research Institute for Child Psychology and Pathopsychology; St. Elizabeth University of Health and Social Sciences; Public Health Authority of the Slovak Republic; Slovak Centre of Scientific and Technical Information; National Monitoring Centre for Drugs
Slovenia
University Medical Centre Ljubljana; Clinical Institute of Occupational, Traffic and Sports Medicine; Ministry of Education, Science and Sport
Sweden
Swedish Ministry of Health and Social Affairs; Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN)
Ukraine
Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Olexander Yaremenko (UISR); Institute for Economics and Forecasting National Academy of Science of Ukraine (IEP NASU); Social Monitoring Centre (SMC); Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine; European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), EMCDDA-ENP technical cooperation project (ENPI/2013/325-486) funding; United Nations Children’s Fund (Unicef) in Ukraine